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Coduri G și M pentru strung CNC: lista esențială
Codurile G comandă mișcarea, codurile M comandă funcțiile mașinii. Iată codurile esențiale pentru strungul CNC și particularitatea diametrului pe axa X.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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G-kódy a M-kódy pro CNC frézky: základní přehled
G-kódy řídí pohyb, M-kódy řídí funkce stroje. Zde jsou nejdůležitější kódy pro CNC frézku, příklad programu a jak je číst před spuštěním.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Alapvető CNC G-kódok listája kezdőknek
A legfontosabb CNC G-kódok egy rövid, fix lista, amit papírról és aktív felidézéssel is megtanulhatsz. Itt vannak a kezdő kódok és a mögöttük lévő logika.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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CNC Button Pusher vs Setup Machinist: The Real Difference
A button pusher loads parts and presses cycle start. A setup machinist owns the offsets, tools, and program. The gap between them is mostly knowing the code.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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CNC Machinist Math Cheat Sheet: The Formulas That Matter
A CNC machinist math cheat sheet covers the formulas you actually use: speeds and feeds, basic trig, and bolt circles. Here is what to include and the real limit.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Color Coded G-code Reference Card: A Smarter Pocket Cheat Sheet
A color coded G-code card groups codes by function so your eye finds them fast. Here is how to build the color system, what to include, and its real limit.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Common M-codes for the XYZ ProtoTRAK Control
The ProtoTRAK is mainly conversational, but it uses standard M-codes for the spindle, tool change, coolant, and program stops. Here are the common ones and what they do.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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DIN 66025 G-Code Liste: Aufbau und wichtigste Befehle
DIN 66025 ist die Norm für CNC-Programme. Hier sind der Programmaufbau, die wichtigsten G-Codes und M-Befehle und wie du ein Programm sicher liest.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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G-code Quick Reference Mouse Pad Design: What to Put On It
A G-code mouse pad keeps the common codes under your hand all day. Here is what to fit on the limited space, how to design one that lasts, and its real limit.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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High Res CNC M-code Background: Building a 4K Reference Wallpaper
A 4K M-code wallpaper keeps the common machine codes on screen all day. Here is what to include, how to design one that stays readable, and its one real limit.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Interactive G-code Map for Beginners: Why It Beats a Static Chart
An interactive G-code map lets beginners explore and test the codes instead of just reading a chart. Here is what makes one effective and how to learn fastest.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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M-Befehle beim CNC-Drehen: die wichtigsten Schaltfunktionen
M-Befehle schalten beim CNC-Drehen Spindel, Werkzeug und Kühlmittel. Hier sind die wichtigsten Schaltfunktionen, was beim Drehen besonders ist und wie du sie liest.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Mã G và mã M trong máy phay CNC: phân biệt và cách dùng
Mã G điều khiển chuyển động, mã M điều khiển chức năng máy. Hiểu rõ hai họ lệnh này và vài mã cốt lõi là đủ để đọc phần lớn chương trình phay CNC.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Printable G-code Poster for the Shop Wall
A wall poster of the common G and M codes is a great quick reference. Here is what to put on it, how to format it to read from a few feet, and its one real limit.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Shapeoko Carbide Create G-code List: The Codes You Will See
The Shapeoko runs GRBL, and Carbide Create generates a compact G-code set: G0, G1, arcs, and M3 to M5 for the router. Here is the list and how to read it.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Visual Guide to CNC Milling: Building a Poster PDF That Teaches
A visual CNC milling poster shows the axes, planes, and key concepts, not just a code list. Here is what to include in the PDF, and the one limit to know.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
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Block Skip Slash (/) in G-Code Explained, With Safe Uses
A slash at the start of a block makes it optional: skipped when the block-delete switch is on, run when off. The legitimate uses, and the inherited-program trap.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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CNC G-Code Wallpaper for Your Phone: Reference, Not Memory
A G-code lock-screen wallpaper is a fine pocket reference and a poor teacher: what belongs on it, how to make one that is actually readable, and the limit.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Difference Between CNC and VMC Machine Codes, Untangled
CNC is the control technology and VMC is one machine type that uses it, so there is no CNC-versus-VMC code split: the real split is mill codes versus lathe.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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CNC Operator vs CNC Setter: The Difference That Sets Pay
An operator runs proven jobs; a setter builds and proves them: workholding, offsets, first-offs, and the judgment calls. The skills ladder between the two.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Fadal Format 1 vs Format 2 G-Code: The Switch That Decides
Fadal controls run two G-code formats: Format 1, the Fadal-native conventions, and Format 2, the Fanuc-compatible mode. Which one a machine is in decides everything.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Fanuc Lathe U and W vs X and Z, Explained Once and For All
On system A Fanuc lathes, U and W are incremental X and Z: same axes, different reference. Why lathes got dedicated letters, and the rules that follow.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Fusion 360 G28 vs G53 Safe Retract: Which to Choose and Why
Fusion 360's post asks how to retract: G28 moves through a waypoint you command, G53 goes straight to machine coordinates. The decision and the reasons.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G-Code R vs I and J for Beginners: Two Ways to Define an Arc
An arc needs a center, and G-code gives two ways to specify it: R names the radius, I and J point to the center. Each has a job, and R has one trap.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G04 Dwell Time Format: Fanuc vs Haas and the Decimal Trap
G04 means pause everywhere; the number's meaning is dialect: P as milliseconds or seconds, X and U as alternatives, and a decimal that changes everything.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G50 on a Lathe: Spindle Speed Clamp vs Work Offset, Untangled
G50 carries two unrelated jobs on lathes: the modern spindle-speed clamp with S, and the legacy coordinate-system-setting form. The words after it decide.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G76 Threading Cycle on Fanuc, Explained Simply
G76 is two lines that delegate a whole threading job: the first line sets the campaign rules, the second describes the thread. Each word, plainly explained.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G92 vs G76 Threading on a Lathe: Per-Pass vs Delegated
G92 cuts one synchronized threading pass per block you write; G76 plans the whole sequence from two lines. When manual control of passes earns its keep.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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GRBL vs LinuxCNC G-Code Compatibility, Honestly Compared
GRBL runs a deliberate subset of the standard; LinuxCNC runs a full implementation with extensions. Programs flow down cleanly and up only with care.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Haas Classic vs NGC G-Code Differences: What Actually Changed
Between the Haas Classic control and Next Generation, the G-code barely changed; the interface, features, and capacity did. What carries over, and what is new.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Haas Speeds and Feeds Chart PDF: Why Formulas Beat the File
No universal Haas speeds and feeds chart exists, because cutting data belongs to the tool and material, not the machine brand. Two formulas replace the PDF.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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HAL vs G-Code Pins in LinuxCNC: Two Layers, Not One
HAL wires the machine's hardware; G-code commands its motion. They meet at named signals, and confusing the two layers is the classic LinuxCNC beginner trap.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Heidenhain Klartext vs DIN G-Code: One Control, Two Languages
Heidenhain controls speak two languages: Klartext, the typed dialogue format, and DIN/ISO G-code. What each is, which jobs favor which, and what transfers.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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How to Set Work Zero on a CNC vs a 3D Printer
Printers find their zero by homing to switches; CNC machines are told theirs by touch-off into offsets. Why the philosophies differ, and what transfers.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Lathe X: Radius vs Diameter Programming, the Whole System
Diameter programming won the lathe world because prints and micrometers speak diameter. How both modes work, where each lives, and the words that follow X.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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LinuxCNC G-Code Differences vs Fanuc: The Honest Map
LinuxCNC and Fanuc share the standard core and split on structure: O-words vs Macro B, dot-one extensions, G10 table writing, and per-dialect cycle details.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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LNC Controller G-Code List: The Core You Can Trust
LNC controls run a Fanuc-shaped G-code dialect: the universal core is safe to trust, while cycles and builder M-codes belong to your machine's manual.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Mach3 G-Code List vs Fanuc: Same Core, Different Worlds
Mach3 and Fanuc share the standard core and diverge where dialects always do: cycles' fine print, macros, M-code ownership, and the strictness culture.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Mach4 G-Code Syntax vs Mach3: What the Rewrite Changed
Mach4 is a ground-up rewrite of Mach3, but the G-code syntax stayed standard-shaped. What changed is the architecture, scripting, and plugins, not the language.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Marlin G-Code vs CNC G-Code: One Name, Two Ecosystems
Marlin G-code and CNC G-code share a skeleton and split into ecosystems: temperatures and extrusion on one side, spindles, offsets, and cycles on the other.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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O Number vs N Number in CNC Programs: Names vs Line Labels
An O number names a whole program or subprogram; an N number labels a line inside it. One is the file's title, the other is its page numbers. The distinction.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Parametric Programming vs Standard G-Code: When to Use Each
Standard G-code states fixed coordinates; parametric programming computes them from variables. One is a recipe with exact amounts, the other a recipe with formulas.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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PlanetCNC vs Mach3 G-Code Compatibility, Honestly Mapped
PlanetCNC and Mach3 both speak the PC-controller family's standard-shaped subset: the core ports cleanly, and the edges, M-codes, cycles, deserve the check.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Siemens 828D vs Fanuc G-Code Differences That Matter
Sinumerik 828D and Fanuc share the motion core and split at the cycle layer: CYCLE calls vs canned cycles, R-parameters vs macros, and one unit landmine.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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SYIL X7 G-Code List: The Control Question Comes First
The SYIL X7 has shipped with different controls across years and markets, so its G-code list is a per-unit question: identify the control, then the list.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Tool Nose Radius Compensation G41/G42 on a Lathe, Explained
A turning insert cuts with a radius, not a point, and tapers and arcs show the difference. How TNR comp works, the orientation number, and the lead-in rules.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Tormach PathPilot vs Fanuc G-Code Differences, Mapped
PathPilot runs a LinuxCNC-shaped dialect, so vs Fanuc it differs the way LinuxCNC does: shared core, dot-one extensions, G7 lathe diameter mode, structure layer.
Lawrence Arya··3 min
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أكواد ماكينة الخراطة CNC: الجدول الأساسي والمفاهيم الأربعة
أكواد الخراطة هي النواة المشتركة زائد G18 والبرمجة بالقطر والتغذية لكل دورة وG96 مع سقف G50 ودورات G71/G70/G76. جدول مرتب وشرح للمفاهيم والأخطاء الشائعة.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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ما الفرق بين G02 و G03 في برمجة CNC؟ اتجاه القوس ببساطة
G02 يرسم القوس مع عقارب الساعة وG03 عكسها، والحكم بالنظر عكس المحور الموجب للمستوى النشط. شرح I وJ وR مع مثال مبرمج وحيلة حفظ وفخ المخرطة.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Apostila de programação CNC básica em PDF: o que importa
Uma apostila de programação CNC básica serve de consulta, não de método: ler não fixa códigos. Veja o que uma boa apostila contém e como estudar por ela.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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CNC-Programmierung für Anfänger als PDF: was es leistet
Ein Anfänger-PDF zur CNC-Programmierung taugt als Nachschlagewerk, nicht als Lernmethode. Hier steht, was hineingehört und wie aus Lesen Können wird.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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CNC Torna G ve M Kodları PDF Yerine: Tek Sayfalık Çekirdek
CNC torna G ve M kodları için 40 sayfalık PDF aramayın: günlük çekirdek tek sayfaya sığar. Tablolar burada, sistem A tuzağı ve yazdırma notlarıyla birlikte.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Datron CNC High-Speed Machining G-Code: The Honest List
The G-code core on a Datron HSM mill is the standard set every machine shares. What changes is the high-speed layer, and which codes belong to your manual.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Diferencia entre G02 y G03 en CNC: el arco sin dudas
G02 traza el arco en sentido horario y G03 en sentido antihorario, vistos desde el eje positivo del plano activo. Aquí está la regla, el truco y el ejemplo.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Différence entre G90 et G91 en usinage : absolu ou relatif
G90 fait travailler en coordonnées absolues depuis l'origine pièce ; G91 en relatif depuis la position courante. La confusion des deux ruine des pièces.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Fanuc VMC G-Codes and M-Codes List PDF: Print This Page Instead
The Fanuc VMC code list worth printing is one page: the standard G and M cores, the G43 habit, blank lines for your machine's codes, and a provenance rule.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Fanuc vs Mitsubishi G코드 차이점: 같은 뼈대, 다른 방언
Fanuc과 Mitsubishi 컨트롤러의 G코드는 표준 코어가 거의 같고, 차이는 고정 사이클 파라미터, 매크로 문법, 제조사 M코드 같은 바깥층에 있습니다.
Lawrence Arya··3 min
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Fiber Laser CNC Code List: The Basics That Are Actually Standard
A fiber laser cutting table runs the standard 2D motion core plus a laser layer: power, gas, and height codes that vary by builder. Here is the honest split.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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G-Code Syntax vs C++: The Differences That Actually Teach
G-code and C++ differ in everything visible: words vs statements, modal state vs scope, no compiler safety net. Mapping the gap teaches both sides something.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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G02とG03の違いをわかりやすく：円弧の向きで迷わない方法
G02は時計回り、G03は反時計回りの円弧補間です。判定の向きはプレーンの正の軸から見ること。覚え方、IとJの指定、旋盤での注意までまとめました。
Lawrence Arya··1 min
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GRBL Supported G-Codes List: What the Firmware Actually Runs
GRBL implements a documented subset of standard G-code: full motion and offsets, no canned cycles or macros. The list, the omissions, and what they mean.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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GSK 980TDb Lathe G-Code List: The Fanuc-Shaped Budget Answer
The GSK 980TDb speaks a largely Fanuc-compatible lathe dialect: standard motion, G96/G50, G71-class cycles. The list framework, plus where the manual rules.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Heidenhain vs Fanuc bij frezen: de verschillen op een rij
Heidenhain programmeert in dialoogvorm (Klartext), Fanuc in klassieke ISO-g-code. Wat dat betekent voor leren, mbo en je eerste baan, met een duidelijk advies.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Lista de códigos M para fresadora CNC Fanuc explicada
Los códigos M de una fresadora con control Fanuc: el núcleo estándar, los típicos de Fanuc como M98/M99 y M19, y las reglas de bloque que conviene conocer.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Lista de códigos M para fresadora Haas, en español
Los códigos M que usarás a diario en una fresadora Haas, explicados en español: husillo, refrigerante, cambio de herramienta y paros, con sus avisos de seguridad.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Okuma OSP-P300 G-Code List: Where OSP Differs and Why It's Fine
Okuma's OSP-P300 shares the standard motion core but carries its own conventions: one-shot G-codes, its own cycle and variable culture. The honest orientation map.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Onefinity CNC Controller G-Code List: Standard Core, Two Worlds
Onefinity machines ship with different controller generations, so the honest G-code list is the standard hobby core plus your specific controller's documentation.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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PathPilot G-Code Supported List: Every Family, Mapped
Tormach publishes the full PathPilot G-code list free. Here it is mapped by family, with the lathe G7 rule, the LinuxCNC-shaped dialect, and Fanuc checkpoints.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Разница между G02 и G03 в ЧПУ: дуги без путаницы
G02 ведет дугу по часовой стрелке, G03 против часовой, если смотреть против положительной оси активной плоскости. Правило, пример и способ запомнить навсегда.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Star Sliding Head Lathe M-Codes List: Categories Over Numbers
Star sliding-head lathes carry rich builder M-code sets: guide bushing, sub spindle, wait codes, bar feed. The category map, and why your model's manual is the list.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Swiss Lathe Wait Codes Explained for Beginners, Without Fog
Wait codes are matched meeting points between a Swiss lathe's program channels: both must arrive before either continues. The mental model, rules, and reading drill.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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تعلم أكواد G-code بالعربي: النواة الأساسية وطريقة الحفظ
الأكواد رموز عالمية تبقى لاتينية، والتعلم بالعربي يعني ربط كل رمز بمعناه. جدول النواة الأساسية مع ملاحظات الحفظ بالأزواج وخطة تثبيت يومية قصيرة.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Unterschied G02 und G03: Die Eselsbrücke, die sitzt
G02 fährt den Kreisbogen im Uhrzeigersinn, G03 dagegen. Drei Eselsbrücken, ein Blickrichtungs-Trick und eine Übung, mit der die Verwechslung aufhört.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Unterschied zwischen G54 und G55 beim Fräsen erklärt
G54 und G55 verhalten sich identisch: Beide rufen eine gespeicherte Nullpunktverschiebung auf. Der Unterschied ist nur, welcher Werkstücknullpunkt aktiv wird.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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CNC Cheat Sheet Badge Buddy: What to Put on the Card
A badge buddy holds about twenty codes legibly. Here is the exact front and back worth printing, the sizing specs, and when to retire the card on purpose.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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CNC Wood Router M-Codes List (GRBL and Beyond)
A wood router's working M-codes are a short list: M3/M5 spindle, M0 pause, M2/M30 end, and the coolant pair M8/M9, usually rewired to dust collection or air.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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I, J, K vs R in G02: Arc Center Words Explained
I, J, and K give the arc center as an offset from the start point, while R gives the radius. Here is when each works, and why full circles need I and J.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Additive vs Subtractive G-Code: The Real Differences
Printers and mills share the same motion core; the dialects split at the tool: extrusion and heat words on one side, spindle, offsets, and cycles on the other.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Fanuc Robot Teach Pendant vs Standard G-Code Compared
Fanuc robots run point-taught TP programs; CNC machines run coordinate-explicit G-code. The concepts map cleanly: frames are offsets, points are positions.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G-Code Variables: #100 vs #500 Series Differences
Macro variables differ by lifespan: #100-series commons clear at power-off, #500-series survive it, and locals #1-#33 live only inside a call. Here is the map.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G-Code vs M-Code: What Is the Difference?
G-codes control how the machine moves and M-codes control machine actions like the spindle and coolant. Here is the real difference and how they work together.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G17, G18, G19: Plane Selection in G-Code Explained
G17 selects the XY plane, G18 the XZ plane, and G19 the YZ plane. Here is what plane selection controls, why arcs depend on it, and when to switch.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G20 vs G21: Inch vs Metric in G-Code, Explained
G20 tells the control to read the program in inches and G21 in millimeters. Here is the difference, why the wrong one is dangerous, and how to keep them straight.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G28 Return to Home Position in G-Code, Explained
G28 sends the machine back to its reference (home) position, through an intermediate point you specify. Here is how it works and how to use it safely.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G41 vs G42: Cutter Compensation Left vs Right
G41 offsets the cutter to the left of the path and G42 to the right. Here is how cutter compensation works, the D register, and how to engage it without a crash.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G43 Tool Length Offset in G-Code, Explained
G43 applies a tool's stored length so its tip reaches the programmed Z, no matter how long the tool is. Here is how G43, the H register, and G49 work.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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G54 Work Offsets Explained for CNC Beginners
G54 tells the machine where your part zero is. Here is what a work offset stores, how G54 to G59 differ, and how to set one without cutting in the wrong place.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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G81 vs G83: Drilling Canned Cycles Explained
G81 is a simple drill cycle and G83 is a peck drill cycle for deep holes. Here is how canned cycles work, their R, Z, and Q words, and when to use each.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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GRBL Alarm 1 vs Error 1: What Each Means and the Fix
GRBL has two different number-1 messages: error:1 is a malformed G-code word, ALARM:1 is a tripped hard limit with position lost. Here is how to fix each.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Heidenhain Conversational vs Fanuc G-Code Compared
Heidenhain Klartext is readable dialogue code like L X+50 FMAX; Fanuc speaks word-address blocks. Here is how the two map and which to learn when.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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How to Calculate I and J for a G02 Arc (Worked Examples)
I and J are the distance from the arc's start point to its center: I = center X minus start X, J = center Y minus start Y. Two worked examples and a self-check.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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How to Remember Lathe M-Codes vs Mill M-Codes
The core M-codes are identical on lathes and mills, so learn them once. The real difference to remember is the tool change: M06 on a mill, the T word on a lathe.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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G71 vs G72: Lathe Roughing Cycles Explained
G71 roughs with passes along Z for shafts and long profiles, G72 roughs with passes along X for faces. Here is how each cycle works and which to pick.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Lathe vs Mill G-Code Differences: A Cheat Sheet
The motion core is identical; six differences do the damage: default plane, diameter programming, feed modes, CSS, cycle families, and comp mechanics.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Left-Hand Threading M-Code: M04 vs M03 Explained
A left-hand tap runs on M04, the reverse spindle code, with the G74 cycle on mills. For single-point threading, the spindle and feed direction together set the hand.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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LightBurn G-Code Console Commands, Explained Simply
LightBurn's console is a direct line to your GRBL controller: $$ lists settings, $H homes, $X unlocks, $G shows active modes. Here is the working command set.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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M06 Tool Change in G-Code, Explained for Beginners
M06 executes a tool change while the T word selects the tool. Here is how T6 M06 works, the safe sequence around it, and why G43 always follows.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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M3 vs M4 on a CNC Laser Cutter: Which Mode to Use
In GRBL laser mode, M3 holds constant power while M4 scales power with speed, killing corner burn. Here is when each wins and why laser mode must be on.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Mazatrol vs G-Code: The Differences That Matter
Mazatrol is Mazak's menu-guided programming language; G-code is the universal word-address standard. Here is how they differ and when each one wins.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Siemens ShopMill vs ISO G-Code: Which to Use When
ShopMill programs Sinumerik machines through graphical work steps; ISO G-code programs them through classic blocks. Here is how they differ and when each wins.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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Waterjet CNC G-Code Differences: What Changes and Why
Waterjet code keeps the 2D motion core and swaps everything tool-shaped: pump M-codes instead of a spindle, pierce dwells, and kerf comp doing the sizing work.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
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What Is G54 in 3D Printing? Work Offsets Explained
G54 selects a stored work origin, a CNC concept most 3D printers never use. Here is what it does, which firmware supports it, and what printers use instead.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
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Why Is G02 Cutting a Straight Line? Common Causes
G02 cuts a straight line when the arc is not actually defined: missing I and J words, a firmware without arc support, the wrong plane, or a huge radius.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Basic G-Code and M-Code List for a TESDA CNC Exam
The core G-code and M-code a TESDA CNC exam expects you to know: motion, units, positioning, spindle, coolant, and program control. A focused study list.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Blank G-Code Test Worksheet: Make One That Actually Works
A blank G-code worksheet is a fine offline study aid if it forces recall. Here is what to put on one, and why a write-in format beats a plain code list.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
CNC Plasma Torch Fire M-Code: Why It Is Machine-Specific
There is no universal M-code that fires a plasma torch. Different controllers map it differently, often to M03 or a custom code. Here is why, and how to check.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Thread Milling vs Tapping: The G-Code Difference
Tapping uses a canned cycle like G84; thread milling uses helical interpolation with G02 or G03 plus Z. Here is how the two approaches differ in code.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
G90 vs G91: Absolute vs Incremental (and Why It Crashes Beginners)
G90 is absolute positioning and G91 is incremental. Mixing them up sends moves to the wrong place, which is a classic beginner crash. Here is the difference.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
How to Program a Helix in G-Code (G02/G03 With Z)
A helix is just a circular arc with a simultaneous Z move. Add a Z value to a G02 or G03 and the tool spirals instead of staying flat. Here is how it works.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
M98 and M99: Subprogram Call and Return, With an Example
M98 calls a subprogram and M99 returns from it, letting you reuse a block of code. Here is how the pair works on Fanuc-style controls, with an example.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
O-Word Subroutines in LinuxCNC: Examples and How They Work
LinuxCNC uses O-words, not Fanuc-style M98/M99, for subroutines, loops, and conditionals. Here is how o-sub, o-call, while, and if work, with examples.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
G00 vs G01: Rapid vs Linear Feed, Explained for Beginners
G00 is a rapid positioning move and G01 is a controlled linear feed move. Here is the difference, why beginners mix them up, and how to keep them straight.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
G02 vs G03: Clockwise vs Counterclockwise Arcs Explained
G02 cuts a clockwise arc and G03 cuts a counterclockwise arc. Here is how to tell them apart, which way to look, and why beginners reverse them.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Common G-Codes Every CNC Beginner Should Know
A short reference list of the G-codes that show up in almost every CNC program, with a one-line meaning for each, built for beginners.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
M03 vs M04 vs M05: Spindle Codes Made Simple
M03 starts the spindle clockwise, M04 starts it counterclockwise, and M05 stops it. Here is what each does and how to remember the set.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Common M-Codes Every CNC Beginner Should Know
A short reference of the M-codes you will meet first: spindle, coolant, tool change, and program control, each with a plain-language meaning.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Modal vs Non-Modal G-Codes: What Beginners Get Wrong
Modal G-codes stay active until you change them; non-modal codes act only on their own line. Here is why that distinction trips up beginners.
Lawrence Arya··5 min