Code reference
M19 Spindle Orientation: Why the Spindle Parks
M19 stops the spindle at a defined angle. Why tool changes, fine boring back-off, and sub-spindle transfers depend on it, and how orient failures present.
Lawrence Arya··10 min
Code reference
G94 vs G95: Feed per Minute vs Feed per Rev
G94 reads F as units per minute, G95 as units per spindle revolution. What each mode does, where it is the default, and the two crashes mixing them causes.
Lawrence Arya··11 min
Guides
ChatGPT CNC Lathe G71 Canned Cycle Errors, Explained
G71 is where ChatGPT G-code fails hardest: two incompatible formats in the training data, strict contour rules, and U/W double meanings. The error map.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Fanuc Lathe U and W vs X and Z, Explained Once and For All
On system A Fanuc lathes, U and W are incremental X and Z: same axes, different reference. Why lathes got dedicated letters, and the rules that follow.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Practice
Lathe Cutoff Leaving a Nub: The G-Code and Setup Fixes
A cutoff nub has three parents: tool above or below center, an X endpoint that stops short, and centerline speed physics. The fixes, code and setup both.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Guides
G-Code Simulator for CNC Turning Only: The Honest Options
Dedicated turning-only G-code simulators are rare, and most free tools are mill-first. Where lathe simulation actually works, what breaks, and the fixes.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
G50 on a Lathe: Spindle Speed Clamp vs Work Offset, Untangled
G50 carries two unrelated jobs on lathes: the modern spindle-speed clamp with S, and the legacy coordinate-system-setting form. The words after it decide.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Code reference
G92 vs G76 Threading on a Lathe: Per-Pass vs Delegated
G92 cuts one synchronized threading pass per block you write; G76 plans the whole sequence from two lines. When manual control of passes earns its keep.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Guides
How to Fix a Cross-Threaded Part With G-Code: The Honest Path
Most cross-threaded parts are scrap, and knowing why takes one paragraph. For the salvageable cases, the thread pickup procedure is the real answer.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Lathe X: Radius vs Diameter Programming, the Whole System
Diameter programming won the lathe world because prints and micrometers speak diameter. How both modes work, where each lives, and the words that follow X.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Guides
Lathe Taper Calculation for G-Code: Formulas and a Worked Pass
Taper turning in G-code is two diameters and a Z length: program both X ends and let G01 interpolate. The formulas, a worked example, and the comp trap.
Lawrence Arya··6 min
Practice
Lathe Threading Pullout Codes M23 and M24, Demystified
M23 and M24 commonly toggle the chamfered thread pullout on Fanuc-family lathes: the angled exit at the end of each pass. What it does, and the caveats.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Guides
Spindle Speed Calculation for a G97 Lathe Program
G97 locks the lathe spindle to one RPM, so you compute it yourself: surface speed and diameter in, RPM out. The formula, the diameter choice, the cases.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Guides
Why Is My CNC Lathe Cutting Twice as Deep? The X Diameter Rule
A lathe that cuts exactly twice as deep as programmed is almost always a diameter vs radius mix-up. Here is the X rule, the four places it hides, the fix.
Lawrence Arya··6 min
Code reference
أكواد ماكينة الخراطة CNC: الجدول الأساسي والمفاهيم الأربعة
أكواد الخراطة هي النواة المشتركة زائد G18 والبرمجة بالقطر والتغذية لكل دورة وG96 مع سقف G50 ودورات G71/G70/G76. جدول مرتب وشرح للمفاهيم والأخطاء الشائعة.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Practice
G-Code for Broaching on a CNC Lathe: Keyways the Stroke Way
Lathe broaching cuts keyways with a locked spindle and Z strokes: orient, plunge a few hundredths, stroke, step, repeat. The program shape and its guardrails.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
GSK 980TDb Lathe G-Code List: The Fanuc-Shaped Budget Answer
The GSK 980TDb speaks a largely Fanuc-compatible lathe dialect: standard motion, G96/G50, G71-class cycles. The list framework, plus where the manual rules.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Practice
How to Program a Sub-Spindle Pickoff in G-Code, Step by Step
A sub-spindle pickoff hands the part from main to sub spindle mid-cycle: synchronize speeds, approach, grip, cut off, retract. The sequence and its traps.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Guides
Why Did My Z Axis Dive Into the Chuck on G28? The Real Cause
G28 moves through an intermediate point you specify, in the active coordinate mode. In G90, G28 Z0 goes to workpiece Z0 first, which can be inside the chuck.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Guides
G50 Max Spindle Speed on a Lathe (and the Crash)
On a lathe, G50 S sets the maximum spindle RPM. Leave it out with constant surface speed and the spindle can run away near the center. Here is why and the fix.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Code reference
How to Remember Lathe M-Codes vs Mill M-Codes
The core M-codes are identical on lathes and mills, so learn them once. The real difference to remember is the tool change: M06 on a mill, the T word on a lathe.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Practice
How to Stop Mixing Up X and Z on a Lathe (For Good)
Two anchors end the lathe axis confusion: Z is always the spindle axis on every machine, and X is the diameter. Here is why the mix-up happens and the fix.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Guides
Why a Boring Bar Crashes Into the Back of the Part
A boring bar hits the back of the part when the Z depth runs too far: wrong depth, wrong Z zero, an absolute mix-up, or a bad retract. Here are the causes and fixes.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
G71 vs G72: Lathe Roughing Cycles Explained
G71 roughs with passes along Z for shafts and long profiles, G72 roughs with passes along X for faces. Here is how each cycle works and which to pick.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Code reference
Lathe vs Mill G-Code Differences: A Cheat Sheet
The motion core is identical; six differences do the damage: default plane, diameter programming, feed modes, CSS, cycle families, and comp mechanics.
Lawrence Arya··4 min
Code reference
Left-Hand Threading M-Code: M04 vs M03 Explained
A left-hand tap runs on M04, the reverse spindle code, with the G74 cycle on mills. For single-point threading, the spindle and feed direction together set the hand.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Guides
Bar Puller G-Code on a Lathe: How the Program Works
A bar puller pulls fresh stock out of the collet for the next part. Here is the logic of the G-code behind it, explained conceptually for learners.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Practice
CNC Lathe Operator Hands-On Test: How to Prepare
A lathe operator hands-on test checks chucking, offsets, turning a part, and reading the program. Here is how to prepare, with the turning codes you need cold.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Practice
CNC Turning Center G-Code: How Lathe Codes Differ
Turning shares the common codes with milling but adds lathe-specific ones: constant surface speed, diameter mode, and turning cycles. Here is what to practice.
Lawrence Arya··5 min
Practice
TESDA CNC Lathe: How to Practice for the Assessment
A TESDA CNC lathe assessment is competency-based: reading a turning program, setup, and producing a part. Here is how to practice, lathe codes first.
Lawrence Arya··5 min