Standard G-code states fixed coordinates; parametric programming computes them from variables. One is a recipe with exact amounts, the other a recipe with formulas.
#100-class variables are Fanuc-style macro programming's entry point: volatile working values you assign, compute with, and read in coordinates. The basics done right.
Macro variables differ by lifespan: #100-series commons clear at power-off, #500-series survive it, and locals #1-#33 live only inside a call. Here is the map.